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The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is parathyroid adenoma. Surgery is the most effective method to treat PHTP. The data of 10 patients who underwent endoscopic complete areola approach for parathyroid adenoma resection in our hospital from Jan. 2018 to Oct. 2021 were reviewed. It is considered that this method is feasible and has certain advantages compared with traditional surgery.
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The effects of catechin on inflammatory response of BV-2 cells were investigated using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) model. BV-2 cells were incubated with LPS (1 mg·L-1) for 12 h in the microglia inflammatory model in vitro. After catechin and LPS co-incubation for 12 h, MTT, ELISA and Western blot were used to detect cell viability, cytokines, cell migration and protein expression. In addition, transwell assay was conducted to investigate the effect of catechin on cell chemokaxis. Catechin did not show any cytotoxicity effect on BV-2 cells, but reversed the change in cell morphology and inhibited the release of TNF-α and IL-1β, cell chemotaxis and phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65. In conclusion, Catechin could inhibit the LPS-induced inflammatory response in BV-2 cells.
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Objective To explore the value and method of using carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Method 74 cases were randomly divided into two groups,34 cases in experimental group which were injected with carbon nanoparticles,and 40 cases in the control group without any injection.All cases were analyzed in terms of the tumor size,the number of lymph nodes and parathyroid gland injury.Results All patients underwent the operation smoothly.The postoperative pathological specimens result showed there was no statistical difference of carcinoma size between the two groups.The number of lymph nodes dissected was 177 in the control group and 220 in the experimental group (the rate of lymph node black staining rate was 89％).In the experimental group,the average number of lymph node detected in each patient was 6.47±2.13,more than 4.42±1.91 in the control group.The number of parathyroid glands found in the experimental group was 3 and 11 in the control group,and the difference had no statistical significance.Postoperative temporary laryngeal recurrent nerve injury occurred to 2 cases in each group,and no statistical difference was found.Conclusion Using carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma can increase the detection rate of lymph node,and to some extent,reduce the parathyroid injury.It has a certain clinical significance,However,care should be taken to avoid contamination of the mirror field of view.
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This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of combined ABZ-interferon (IFN)-α treatment for CE in mice.After 5 months of secondary infection with protoscoleces,mice were randomly allocated into four groups:ABZ-treated group,IFNαtreated group,ABZ+IFN-α group and untreated control group.Drugs in diverse treated groups were respectively administered for 2 months,of which,sera were respectively collected in 0 d,7 d,14 d,28 d,36 d,48 d,and 60 d.Mice were then euthanized and associated indications were investigated to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy.Results showed that ABZ+IFN-α induced a significant reduction of the number,size as well as weight of cysts,compared with that in ABZ (P＜0.05) or untreated group (P＜0.01) respectively.This effect was associated with ultrastructural modification of the cyst in ABZ+IFN-α group.Interestingly,significant decrease of IL (interleukin)-10 in serum and in vitro production by spleen cells with ABZ+ IFN-α treatment was observed in comparison with untreated control (P＜0.01).Serum IgE,IgG and subsets were respectively decreased in ABZ+IFN-α treatment,compared with that in control group (P＜0.01).Our findings demonstrated that combination of ABZ with IFN-α may contribute to an efficient therapeutic regimen of human and animal CE.
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Objective@#To evaluate and compare the surgery prognosis of the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients who underwent conventional and endoscopic thyroidectomies via areola.@*Methods@#From January 2012 to December 2017, 887 patients with PTC underwent thyroidectomy. The A group of 693 patients underwent traditional thyroidectomy, and B group of 194 patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy. Clinicopathologic characteristics, surgical methods, pathological features and complications were analyzed and compared between two groups.@*Results@#The mean age of A group was older than B group: (45.2 ± 11.5) years vs. (34.9 ± 9.4) years, P<0.01. The drainamount and drain maintenance in B group were significantly higher than those in A group (P<0.01). The operative methods in two group had significant difference (P<0.01). The patients in B group were successful in operation and no one transferred to open operation. The tumor size in the A group was larger than that in B group, and more bilateral multifocal tumors were in A group (P<0.01). The number of lymph nodes dissection in A group was more than that in B group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the postoperative complications (P > 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The results show that patients with PTC who underwent conventional and endoscopic thyroidectomies via areola have similar surgical prognosis.Therefore, choosing the appropriate cases for endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach may be regarded as an alternative surgical technique to conventional thyroidectomy which has the oncological safety and cosmetic results.
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In recent years, American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) has gotten more attention from researchers, and researches have demonstrated that it has wide medicinal value, low side effects, and rich resources, which should have good application prospects. This article reviewed chemical constituents and biological activities of P. americana over the past 20 years, so as to provide reference for the further development and utilization.
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AIM:To investigate the role of B7 homologue 6 (B7-H6) over-expression in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. METHODS:The full-length fragment of B7-H6 gene was amplified by PCR and sub-cloned into linearized eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP to construct recombinant B7-H6 over-expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6. The recombinant plasmid was identified by double digestion, PCR and sequencing, and was then transfected into L02 cells. The expression of EGFP was observed by fluorescence microscopy and the transfection efficiency was evaluated by flow cytometry. B7-H6 expression was confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The L02 cells transfect-ed with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 recombinant plasmid were co-cultured with NK-92 cells at different effector/target ratios,and the cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells was evaluated by CCK-8 assay.RESULTS:The strong green fluorescence in the L02 cells was observed under fluorescence microscope 48 h after transfection. The transfection efficiency reached 92.6%. The ex-pression of B7-H6 at mRNA and protein levels was remarkably increased 48 h after transfection. The cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells against L02 cells transfected with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 plasmid was significantly higher than that of the null vector transfection group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 was constructed successfully. The cytotoxic effect of NK-92 cells against L02 cells can be enhanced by transfecting L02 cells with pIRES2-EGFP-B7-H6 plasmid.
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Objective To evaluate effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in ultraviolet B (UVB)-radiated HaCaT cells.Methods Conventionally cultured HaCaT cells were divided into control group and LBP groups,which were firstly treated with DMEM,12.5,25.0,50.0 and 100 μg/ml LBP solution respectively for 4 hours,and then were irradiated by UVB at different intensity of 0,20,40,60 mJ/cm2 separately.After 24-hour continuing culture,CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the cell survival rate,and an enzymatic-biochemical method to estimate the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD).RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were conducted to measure the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF respectively.Results Compared with the control group at the same UVB radiation dose,the 12.5-,25.0-and 100.0-μ,g/ml LBP groups showed different extents of increase in survival rates of UVB-radiated cells (P ＜ 0.05),and the 50.0-μg/ml LBP group showed the highest cell survival rate (P ＜ 0.01).Among all the LBP groups,SOD activity was highest in the 50.0-μg/ml LBP group (P ＜ 0.01).Along with the increase of UVB radiation dose,the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF all gradually increased.Compared with the control group,the 50.0-μg/ml LBP group could effectively reduce the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in HaCaT cells (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion LBP may play a role in protecting cells from UVB radiation-mediated damage,likely by influencing the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in HaCaT cells.
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Objective To prepare an attenuated Listeria vaccine Lmdd-LMP2A expressing the Ep-stein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2A ( EBV-LMP2A) and evaluate its specific anti-tumor effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods The gene fragment encoding EBV-LMP2A was amplified by PCR analysis and then subcloned into the shuttle vector p1565.PCR restriction enzyme digestion and DNA se-quencing were performed to identify the recombinant shuttle vector p1565-LMP2A.The p1565-LMP2A vector was then transformed into competent strains of the attenuated Listeria monocytogenes ( Lmdd) .The recombi-nant attenuated Listeria vaccine strain Lmdd-LMP2A was verified by Western blot assay.The histological sections of spleen and liver tissues were stained by Haematoxylin and eosin ( H&E) for analysis of inflamma-tion.A tumor-bearing HLA-A2 transgenic mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of CNE-1/HLA-A2/LMP2A nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line.The prepared Lmdd-LMP2A vaccine was inoculated into the mice via tail intravenous injection for the evaluation of specific CTL induction and the in vivo anti-tumor effects.Results The shuttle vector p1565-LMP2A and the recombinant attenuated Listeria vaccine strain Lmdd-LMP2A with stable expression of LMP2A protein were successfully constructed.The immunized mice showed mild inflammations with no structural damage and necrosis as indicated by H&E staining.The growth of tumors in tumor-bearing HLA-A2 transgenic mice was significantly inhibited by the immunization of Lmdd-LMP2A vaccine as compared with mice without inoculation.The survival time of mice was prolonged with the immunization of Lmdd-LMP2A vaccine.Conclusion The prepared attenuated Listeria vaccine Lm-dd-LMP2A showed specific anti-tumor effects with the safety advantage, suggesting the possibility of using it for anti-tumor therapy in clinic.
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With the combined applications of steam distillation, water extraction and alcohol precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and column chromatography over macroporous resin, a splitted-fractions method of the chemical constituents of Poria cocos was established. The unoverlapping property of the fractions of P. cocos was qualitatively analysed by using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. With angle cosine, squared euclidean distance and the overlapping analysis of peak area of crude herbs, the unoverlapping property of the fractions of P. cocos was half-quantitatively analysed. The chemical components of P. cocos was divided into the fractions of polysaccharide, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, alcohol eluate from macroporous resin and water eluate from macroporous resin. Non similarity degree among each chemical fraction was above 80% and main chemical components were identified. The established method for splitting fractions of P. cocos has good stability and repeatability and all chemical components in P. cocos could be completely divided into six fractions. It is the first time that the author half-quantitatively analyse the unoverlapping property of the chemical fractions of P. cocos.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cluster Analysis , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Poria , ChemistryABSTRACT
Medicinal animals are important part of Traditional Chinese medicine resources in China. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was selected as the standard DNA barcoding sequence for animal medical materials. In this study, the 51 animal species from 45 animal medical materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were selected and the intra-specific variation and the inter-specific divergence, the barcoding gap, the identification efficiency of their COI sequences were analyzed. The results showed that the inter-specific divergence is higher than intra-specific distance. The barcoding gap existed between inter-specific sequence divergence and intra-specific dis-tance. The identification efficiencies were 100% both at the genus and species level except the Arthropoda. The cluster dendrogram exhibited that different species distinguished from others. Therefore, COI sequence as a bar-code is suitable to identify the species of animal medical materials in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
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Objective To study the overweight and obesity situation among Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents in the last 25 years and to provide a basis on related prevention and control measures.Methods A cross-sectional study was used,with 18 366 aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents involved.Surveys on their physical health,in 1985,2000 and 2010 were carried out.Comparison on the mean of BMI and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in different years,genders,location of residence (urban or rural) was also made.Results Over the past 25 years,among the aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,the overall trend on their means of BMI was increasing.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents were 2.1％,0.5％ in 1985,and 6.3％,2.4％ in 2000,with an increase of 2 to 4 times during the last 15 years.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were substantially increasing in the year 2010,to have reached 9.1％ and 6.6％,which were 4 to 12 times of the figures in 1985.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in urban boys were 1.2％,0 in 1985,7.9％,3.4％ in 2000 and 11.0％,11.8％ in 2010.However,the rate of obesity in the rural boys were 0.6％ and 0.6％ in 1985,2.8％,2.1％ in 2000 and 9.0％,3.4％ in 2010.In 1985 the rates of overweight and obesity in urban girls were 1.8％,0.3％,8.1％,4.3％ in 2000 and 9.4％,8.4％ in 2010.However,among the rural girls,the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity prevalence was 8.8％,2.2％ in 1985,4.5％,0.9％,in 2000 and 10.2％,4.5％ in 2010.The rates of overweight and obesity among groups in different years showed significant differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion Over the past 25 years,the prevalence rates on overweight and obesity increased significantly in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,and continued to rise,which called for reasonable and effective measures to be taken to prevent and control the occurrence of the problem.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the antioxidant constituents from the root of Rubus crataegifolius.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents isolation and purification from the root of R. crataegifolius was carried by reported column chromatography including silica gel, toyopearl, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral compounds. DPPH method was used to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity of the isolated compounds.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Nine compounds were isolated from the root of R. crataegifolius, and their structures were identified as follow: euscaphic acid (1), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (2), tormentic acid (3), 2alpha, 19alpha, 24-trihydroxyurs-12-ene-3-oxo-28-acid (4) , 2alpha-hydroxy-oleanolic acid (5), ursolic acid (6), daucosterol (7), beta-sitosterol (8) and polydatin (9). By experiment of antioxidant activity, the result showed compounds 2 and 9 revealed DPPH free radical scavenging rates were 95.60% and 75.23% at the concentration of 50 mg x L(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 1-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds 2 and 9 showed the significant antioxidant activity.</p>
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Antioxidants , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Rosaceae , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the application of transrectal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Dec. 2002 to Dec. 2006, 262 BPH patients underwent transrectal HIFU ablative therapy. After the treatment, IPSS, QOL score, peak uroflow rate and prostatic volume measured by TRUS were used for evaluation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 1 to 3 years' follow-up, IPSS, QOL score, and prostatic volume all decreased, while the peak uroflow rate increased obviously (P<0.01). Mild hematuria was noted in all the cases after the treatment, and epididymitis was found in 7 cases (2.7%), short-term hematospermia in 66 cases (25.2%), retrograde ejaculation in 35 cases (13.4%), and urethro-rectal fistula in 1 case (0.3%). No urinary incontinence was found in these cases. TURP was performed in 18 cases (6.8%) in 3 years after the treatment due to an excessively large volume of the prostates or bladder neck contracture.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HIFU is effective and safe in the treatment of BPH which causes minimal invasion, absence of intraoperative bleeding, good tolerance and few complications, and is especially suitable in elderly patients.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation , Methods , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Manipulation method and clinical application of Prof. HUANG Di-jun's moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone are introduced from preparation of argyi wool, manipulation, matters needing attention, indications, and clinical characteristics of moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone, etc. So as to popularize moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone.